SCHIZOPHRENIA

It is a severe form of mental illness affecting about 7 per one thousand of the adult population, mostly in the age group 15-35 years. Though the incidence is low (3-10,000), the prevalence is high due to the chronic nature of the illness.

Facts

• Schizophrenia affects about 24 million people worldwide.
• Schizophrenia is a treatable disorder, treatment being more effective in its initial stages.
• More than 50% of persons with schizophrenia are not receiving appropriate care.
• 90% of people with untreated schizophrenia are in developing countries.
• Care of persons with schizophrenia can be provided at community level, with active family and community involvement.

 

Causes

The specific cause is not yet known, it’s thought to be caused, at least in part, by imbalance of chemicals found in the brain. Some research suggests that it may run in families.

Diagnosis

There are no specific laboratory test or procedure shows that a person suffers from schizophrenia. The doctor may first review the patient’s medical history and, sometimes, the medical history of the patient’s family.

Symptoms

v  Belief that others control your actions

v  False belief in your power or importance

v  Extreme focus on religion or the supernatural

v  Cannot sleep or concentrate

v  Irrational, angry, or fearful responses to loved ones

v  Increasing withdrawal from social situations

v  A change in personal hygiene and appearance

v  Academic or work performance getting worse

v  Disinterest in very important situations

v  Speaking or writing without making sense

v  Always feeling like you are being watched

v  Hearing or seeing things those aren’t there.

Treatment
There are effective interventions (pharmacological and psychosocial) available and the cost of treatment of a person suffering from chronic schizophrenia is about US$2 per month; the earlier the treatment is initiated, the more effective it will be. However, it’s important to note that majority of the persons with chronic schizophrenia do not receive treatment or seek treatment when its very late.
Pilot programmes by Basic Needs in some developing countries such as Kenya, India, Tanzania, Uganda among others have demonstrated the feasibility of providing care to people with severe mental illness through the primary health care systems by:

• appropriate training of the primary health care personnel
• provision of essential drugs;
• strengthening of the families for home care
• referral support from mental health professionals
• Public education to decrease stigma and discrimination.

Where to seek help in Kenya

ü  All district hospitals in the country - psychiatric clinic.

ü  In Nairobi, treatment can also be sought from the Ngong health centre, Lower kabete health centre, Woodley trauma clinic as well as Kangemi health centres

ü  The schizophrenia foundation of Kenya (SFK), a voluntary organization in Kenya promotes wellness of persons affected by Mental illness through strengthening the family support groups to undertake the necessary interventions in mental health care and psycho social support.